Mongolia National Parks: Gun-Galuut Nature Reserve

	Mammals
	Birds
	Fish
	Featured species:

	Flora
	Rare Plants
	Useful Plants

Mongolia has 845 species of medicinal plants, and 41 species belonging to 36 orders from 19 families of useful and medicinal plants were studied in Gun-Galuut NR in current situation.

Lilium pumilum DC.
Lily Family - Liliaceae Juss
VI; VII; 20-60 cm; perennial herb
Common name: Coral Lily
Botanical characteristics: Bulb ovoid or conical, 2-3cm in diameter; scales white, oblong or narrowly ovate. Thin upright smooth stem. Stem sometimes streaked with purple, papillose. Leaves

scattered near middle of stem, linear, midvein prominent abaxially, margin papillose. Flowers solitary or several in a raceme, nodding. Tepals revolute, bright red, usually unspotted, occasionally with a few spots near base, not minutely papillose adaxially; nectaries papillose on both surfaces.
Habitat: Open stony and meadow-steppe mountains slopes, pine forests, forest fringes, dry sandy-pebble shoals, rocks.
Distribution: Khubsugul, Khentei, Khangai, Mongol-Daurian, Great Khingan, Middle Khalkha, East Mongolia.
Economic uses: Medical plant. Locals boil it in milk with cream.

Gentiana barbata Froel.
Gentian Family -Gentianaceae Juss
Common name: Gentian (English).
VII; VII-VIII; 20-40 cm; annual herb
Botanical characteristics: Roots fibrous. Stem erect, with linear-lanceolate leaves. Flowers tetramerous, on long pedicels; corolla 3.5-5.0 cm long blue, with large lobes fimbriate-

dissected in lower part; calyx with 2 short triangular teeth and 2 subulate ones twice as long as former two.
Habitat: River and brook banks, damp waterside meadows pebbles, willow thickets, larch forests and their fringes, birch kolki in forest and forest-steppe belts and in lower part of alpine belt.
Distribution: Khubsugul, Khentei, Khangai, Mongol-Daurian, Great Khingan, Khobdo, Mongolian Altai, Middle Khalkha, East Mongolia, Gobi Altai, Dzungarian Gobi.
Economic uses: An important medicinal plant used to combat liver diseases.

Geranium pratense L.
Geranium Family-Geraniaceae Juss.
Common name: Meadow Geranium
VII; VIII; 30-80 cm; perennial herb
Botanical characteristics: Rhizome stout, oblique. Stems erect or ascending with short deflexed hairs below, densely pilose and glandular-hairy above. Radical leaves deeply septempartite, with

rhombic-ovate segment, pinnatifid into lanceolate lobes.Flowers in pairs on axillary peduncles. Sepals ovate, aristate, spreading. Petals bright violet-blue, obovate, apex rounded; law very short; corolla cup-shaped.
Habitat: Larch forests, birch groves, forest meadow and fringes, shrubberies.
Distribution: Khubsugul, Khentei, Khangai, Mongol-Daurian, Mongolian Altai, Gobi Altai.
Economic uses: Medical and used for human food. Used as ornamental plant and for tea. Leaves have high tannin content.

Convolvulus ammanii Desr.
Morning Glory Family - Convolvulaceae Juss.
VI; 3-15 cm; perennial herb
Botanical characteristics: Stems simple or ascending, densely adpressed silvery-pilose, as are leaves. Leaves linear or lanceolate, 1-4mm wide, with cuneate base, sessile.

Flowers solitary, terminal; bell-shaped or tureen-shaped, sometimes funnel-shaped, white or pale pink.
Habitat: Debris and stony slopes, sandy and debris desert steppes, forbs steppe slope, saline waterside meadows and pebbles.
Distribution: Khentei, Khangai, Mongol-Daurian, Khobdo, Mongolia Altai, Middle Khalkha, East Mongolia, Depression of Great Lakes, Valley of Lakes, East Gobi, Gobi-Altai, Alshan Gobi.
Economic uses: Poisonous plant. Good forage for goats and sheep in summer. Herders recommend summer-autumn grazing of C. ammanii pastures to fatten livestock.

Hyoscyamus niger L.
Family - Solanaceae Juss
Common name: Henbane (US)
VII; VII-VIII; 40-80 cm; biennual
Botanical characteristics: Pubescent throughout with sticky glandular hairs. Stem firm and branchy. Leaves elliptic, lower ones on petioles, upper leaves sessile, nearly clasping or broadly

cuneate at base, coarsely-dentate or dentate pinnaty lobed, apex acute. Flowers numerous, sessile, aggregated at stem and branch apexes in unilateral racemose inflorescences strongly elongated at fructification. Bracts few teeth, sessile and oblong. Calyx at flowering tubular-campanulate, turns at fruiting pitcher-shaped. Corolla lanceolate, light yellow, violet veins.
Habitat: Fields, abandoned fields, vegetable gardens, banks of irrigation ditches, along ditches, roads, wastelands in inhabited areas, manured and ruderal places of old nomad camps, river banks and dry pebbles as ruderal and weed.
Distribution: Khentei, Khangai, Mongol-Daurian, Great Khingan, Mongolian Altai, Middle Khalkha, East Mongolia, East Gobi, Gobi-Altai.
Economic uses: Medical and poisonous plant. The seed is with very poison. Used for structure of narcotic.

List of medicinal plants in Gun-Galuut NR